How to Build a PC: Step-by-Step Guide (2026)
Today in this guiding article , I've outlined the process of building a computer from scratch, step by step. If you've never built a computer before, by the end of this article, you'll be able to easily build your own system. If you're experienced, you'll also gain a few helpful tips. The key to building a computer is selecting the right parts, assembling it in the correct order, and organizing the wiring. Below, you'll find everything from part selection and assembly to final checks and tips.
Parts First (What Components Do You Need?)
There are seven basic components and a case that must be in a safe. I used high-level components, but the principle is the same for each level. The basic components are:
- Processor (CPU)
- Motherboard
- Memory (RAM)
- Storage (SSD / HDD)
- Cooling (air cooling or AIO liquid cooling)
- Graphics card (GPU)
- Power supply (PSU)
- Till
When choosing parts, I generally recommend starting with the processor. The motherboard socket is determined by this. For example, the Intel i7-11700K processor I use has an LGA 1200 socket. If you don't choose a compatible motherboard, the processor won't physically fit. My motherboard model was the Asus ROG Strix Z590E. You can clearly see the compatibility on the box and product page.
Step by Step Assembly Order
1. Processor Installation
Start by lifting the latch on the processor socket. There's a small triangle marking on one corner of the processor. Line it up with the same triangle marking on the motherboard. Remove the plastic shield, insert the processor, and close the latch. This step may seem delicate, but if you follow the markings correctly, it goes smoothly.
2. Installing RAM
Check your motherboard manual for which slots to use when installing RAM. Dual-slot motherboards use only two slots. Four-slot motherboards specify which slots are suitable for single or dual use. The notch on the bottom of the RAM module matches the notch on the slot. Insert the module and press until you feel the tabs engage.
3. M.2 SSD Installation
M.2 SSDs come in a variety of sizes. Remove the screws covering the M.2 slots on the motherboard, insert the SSD into the slot, and secure it with the screws from the rear. Some motherboards include a heatsink for M.2. Because M.2 heat is important, using the motherboard's heatsink is generally a better solution. Also, check the motherboard documentation to determine whether the M.2 slot is PCIe 4.0 or 3.0.
4. Cooler Installation
If you're using an AIO liquid cooler, adjust the included bracket to the processor socket (Intel or AMD). Pay attention to the fan orientation when mounting the radiator in the case. Fans draw air in from the front and exhaust from the rear. Whether you place the radiator at the front or top depends on the case. Check the manual and position it in the most suitable position.
Tighten the screws by hand; powerful tools like a cordless drill can warp the plastic. Connect the pump cable to the correct header (such as CPU_FAN or PUMP_FAN). Selecting the wrong port can affect the pump's speed control.
5. Placing the Motherboard in the Case
Lay the case on its side and place it on the motherboard socket. Make sure the motherboard's input ports line up with the back panel. Use the appropriate standoff screws for the motherboard and tighten them into the metal eyelets. You can also properly install the radiator or other previously installed components at this stage.
6. Power Supply (PSU) Installation
When choosing a PSU, efficiency certification is important. There are labels like 80PLUS Bronze, Silver, Gold, Platinum, and Titanium. I used the ROG Strix 1000W 80PLUS Gold. To calculate the required wattage, look at the TDPs of both the CPU and GPU; for example, you can add a 50% safety margin for a total of 125W + 350W.
Choosing a modular PSU greatly simplifies cable management. When installing the PSU in the case, make sure the fan points downward; if the case has a bottom filter, this will allow the PSU to get cleaner air.
7. Installing a Graphics Card
Place the graphics card in the top PCIe x16 slot. Remove the protective film from the back of the card. Remove the screw covers on the case, insert the card, and screw them in place.
For heavy cards, you can use the support pieces that come with the case so they don't warp over time.
Wiring and Final Checks
Cabling is a key aspect of PC assembly, both in terms of appearance and airflow. Route the cables around the back of the case, taking the shortest route to the appropriate headers on the motherboard.
CPU power cables are typically located at the top corner; bring them forward through the nearest opening. Labels on modular PSU cables will help you identify which cable is PCIe and which is CPU.
The case's front panel cables (Power, Reset, Power LED, HDD LED) are the most frustrating to start with because they must be connected individually to the small pins. Use the small print on the motherboard or the manual to identify which pins are which and connect them in the correct order.
If you connect them incorrectly, the system will usually simply not boot; it won't cause any damage; just plug them in correctly and they'll be fine.
Test Opening
After connecting all components, perform a test boot before fully securing the cables. If the system passes POST and the fans are running, remove the power and reconfigure the cables. During the test, you can enter the BIOS screen and check the fan speeds, M.2 drives, and RAM speeds.
Little Tips and Mistakes to Avoid
- Be sure to check the compatibility of the processor and motherboard socket.
- Check your motherboard manual for the speed your M.2 slot can run at.
- Do not overtighten the fan screws as this may wear out the plastic.
- PWM pump and fan headers are physically compatible but can make a functional difference; connect to the correct header.
- There is no harm in having more PSU wattage; if possible, choose a slightly larger capacity.
- Make sure all power cables are secure before operating the system.
Building a computer isn't too difficult if you're systematic and careful. Except for a few cables that can be misconnected (like fans, pumps, and front panel cables), the basic components fit neatly into place. With the right component selection and cable management, you'll achieve a system that's both aesthetically pleasing and performs well. Good luck and have fun on your computer building adventure!
